PESHAWAR: Pakistan’s Oldest City

 



Peshawar is the capital of the Pakistani province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and its largest city. It is the sixth-largest city in Pakistan, and the largest Pashtun-majority city in the country. Situated in the broad Valley of Peshawar east of the historic Khyber Pass, close to the border with Afghanistan, Peshawar's recorded history dates back to at least 539 BCE, making it the oldest city in Pakistan and one of the oldest cities in South Asia.
In Ancient India, the city was known as Purushpura and served as the capital of the Kushan Empire under the rule of Kanishka; and was home to the Kanishka stupa, which was among the tallest buildings in the ancient world. Peshawar was then ruled by the Hephthalites, followed by the Hindu Shahis, before the arrival of Muslim empires. The city was an important trading centre during the Mughal era, before becoming part of the Pashtun Durrani Empire in 1747, and serving as their winter capital from 1776 until the capture of the city by the Sikh Empire in March 1823, who were followed by the British Indian Empire in 1846.


Peshawar, city, capital of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, northern Pakistan. The city lies just west of the Bara River, a tributary of the Kabul River, near the Khyber Pass. The Shahji-ki Dheri mounds, situated to the east, cover ruins of the largest Buddhist stupa in the subcontinent (2nd century CE), which attest the lengthy association of the city with the Buddha and Buddhism. Once the capital of the ancient Buddhist kingdom of Gandhara, the city was known variously as Parasawara and Purusapura (town, or abode, of Purusa); it was also called Begram. The present name, Peshawar (pesh awar, “frontier town”), is ascribed to Akbar, the Mughal emperor of India (1556–1605). A great historic centre of transit-caravan trade with Afghanistan and Central Asia, Peshawar is today connected by highway and rail with Lahore, Rawalpindi, Hyderabad, and Karachi and by air with Rawalpindi, Chitral, and Kabul, Afghanistan.


Industries include textile and sugar mills, fruit canning, and the manufacture of chappals (sandals), shoes, leatherwork, glazed pottery, wax and embroidery work, copper utensils, lungis (a type of sarong), turbans, carpets, ornamental woodwork and furniture, ivory work, knives, and small arms. The ancient Qissah (Kissa) Khwani Bazar (“Street of Storytellers”) is the meeting place for foreign merchants who deal in dried fruits, woolen products, rugs, carpets, pustins (sheepskin coats), karakul (lambskin) caps, and Chitrali cloaks.


Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Candylicious Dubai

Image
  Candylicious at  The Dubai Mall  is one of the largest sweet shops in the world. This is where you’ll find the biggest piles of chocolates, sweets, and lollipops in multiple colours, sizes and shapes. Every corner of this expertly-arranged shop is filled with more mouthwatering sweets than you could ever imagine. Come and feel mesmerised by the lollipop tree dangling with your favourites and the Candylicious Airplane taking off above your heads. This hip and fashion-forward candy store spans a whopping area of nearly 1,000sqm, so it’s safe to say you’ll find just about anything you crave here. There’s also an extensive range of sweet and chocolate brands from around the world. For the die-hard fans, there are even novelty branded gifts including T-shirts, mugs and soft toys. The sweet superstore is located directly opposite  Dubai Aquarium & Underwater Zoo , so why not grab some popcorn while you spot some sharks?
Read more

Can Too Much Control Cause Mood Problem

Image
  What is a mood disorder? A mood disorder is a mental health problem that primarily affects a person’s emotional state. It is a disorder in which a person experiences long periods of extreme happiness, extreme sadness, or both. It is normal for someone’s mood to change, depending on the situation. However, to be diagnosed with a mood disorder, symptoms must be present for several weeks or longer. Mood disorders can cause changes in your behavior and can affect your ability to deal with routine activities, such as work or school. Two of the most common mood disorders are depression and bipolar disorder. This article will review these disorders and some of their many subtypes. Depression  (major or clinical depression).  Depression is a common mental disorder. Grief or sadness is a typical response to a traumatic life event or crisis, such as the death of a spouse or family member, loss of a job, or a major illness. However, when the depression continues to be present even...
Read more

How to heal HPV naturally in Women

Image
  In addition to treating patients, Trimble researches vaccines to treat human papillomavirus (HPV). The virus is the most common sexually transmitted infection, with more than 6 million Americans infected each year. You’ve probably seen television ads for the  HPV  vaccine. If you have kids, your pediatrician has probably recommended the vaccine to guard against some cancers that are linked to HPV. It can sound pretty scary: a common infection that causes cancer. So should women worry about HPV? According to Trimble, the answer is no.   Women Don’t Need to Feel Ashamed About HPV “Anyone who’s ever had sex may have been exposed to HPV,” says Trimble, adding that she wishes she knew how to get rid of the unnecessary stigma associated with the disease. “Raising awareness can give you choices, and knowing you have choices is empowering.” Certain Types of HPV Are Linked with Cervical Disease While more than 100 types of HPV exist, only about a dozen of them are associate...
Read more